Roofing



UNITED STATES PATENT ()EFicE.

OYRUS'M. WARREN, OF BROOKLINE, MASSACHUSETTS.

ROOFING, PAVING, AND VARNISH MATERIAL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 248,074, dated October 11, 188],

Application filed December 24, 1879.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, CYRUS M. WARREN, of Brookline, in the countyof Norfolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and Improved Roofing, Paving, and Varnish Material', which invention is fully set forth in the following specification.

The object of this invention is to provide a non-volatile or non-drying material at a reduced cost to serve as asubstitute both for the common grades of natural asphaltum and asphaltic cement, such as are used in the mantillation, or at or near the end of the redistil-.

lation of such oils or'the residuums of the same at ahigh temperature,) the distillation being carried ,to a point at which the said residuum has acquired either a thick tarry, pitchy, or resinous consistency, (requiring the elimination of oils to the extent of about thirty-five to sixty-five per cent. by weight,) as may be re quired for any of the various purposes for which natural bitumen or bituminous cement of similar consistency respectively is or may be employed, being the same or similar to the pitch or residuum referred to on page 6 in lines 26 to 29, inclusive, in mynmended specification, Case A, filed about July 7, and allowed October 16,1879, and also on page 4, lines 28 to 33,inclusive,in my other specification, (Jase D, filed July 7, 1879.

VVax-tailings and the other non-volatile hydrocarbon materials above mentioned being either products of petroleum, a species of natural asphaltum, or of other natural bitumen or bituminous material of substantially similar properties, and not materially altered by the process of distillation in respect to the properties for which it is here employed, the abovementioned residuums from these sources possess, it'not identically, substantially thesame properties, except in regard to toughness at a low temperature, as natural asphaltum or as- .ph al tic cementot' the same consistency, respectively, and may therefore, as already stated, be

substituted directly and without any alteration understood by persons skilled in the art to which they pertain-and then, or after partial cooling in the still, drawing 05 the residuum into a cooling-vat or barrels ready for use. Evaporation in an open vessel will give a similar result; but this is not recommended, since it would be attended with loss of the oils expelled.

In operating upon waX-tailings I have found that a residuum of about the ordinary consistency for roofing-cement is reached 011 taking off about forty-five per cent. of distillate, and for a paving-cement about forty-two per cent., and for a hard or resinous residuum for varnish purposes the removal of aboutsixty to sixty-five per cent. of distillate 'is desirable; but since commercial waX-tailin gs are of amore or less variable consistency, the proportion of distillate must also vary accordingly. Therefore the above proportions will not serve as a safe criterion, but an actual test only from time to time, as above stated, can be relied on.

For a saturating material for paper or felt the distillation is arrested at a point at which the residuum in the still is found by the test A bituminous and coal-tar materials in the manufacture of felt and gravel roofs, roofing-fabrics, and concrete pavements, and according to any customary method of construction of such root's, roofing-fabrics, and pavements.

The hard or resinous residuum from waxtailings and from other equivalent material, being readily soluble in hot linseed-oil or turpentine spirits and ot' exceedingly brilliant luster-quite unlike coal-tar residuumsin these respects-may be substituted directly for hard natural as ihaltum in the manufacture of even the finer grades of black varnish and japans, and, being a purer black, and at least equally brilliant, is to be preferred to this substance, irrespective of cost, which is much less for the residuum.

I am aware of the patent of A. J. Crawford, February 6, 1872, No. 123,458, and of the patent to N. B. Abbott, December, 1877, No. 198,260. The products derived from the petroleum residuum, as described in said patents, are distillates and fluid, and in themselves destitute of cementingproperties, suitable, therefore, only to serve as a solvent or softening ingredients for some hard or stiff materialsuch as Trinidad asphaltum-inthe formation of a roofing or pavingcement. They operate, therefore, on a different principle from the hard or stiti' residual product that I describe, whioh serves the opposite purpose of a thickening orstift'ening ingredient i'or any suitable liquid material to form such cement, or asa cement byitself for some purposes; hence the combination of my product with theirs in 5 to are orcan he employedin such cement, which also indicates an essential difference in properties, leading to new results. Thcliquid products referred to are therefore hereby disclaimed.

1 also disclaim the product described in Letters Patent No. 239,260, granted to Warren Chemical i\[anui'actnring Company, March 22, 1881.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

As a new manufacture, the bituminous residuum obtained by exposing waX-tailings to a distilling process, substantially in the manner specified, or by any other method which i will produce a like result.

CYRUS M. WARREN.

W'itnesses:

J AS. B. BELL, WM. 0. Snvnason. 

